Do not trust medical and scientific information published by the federal government.
The CDC, NIH, FDA, and the people now leading these and other federal health and scientific agencies:
- Are willfully ignorant about the medical/scientific literature.
- Do not understand technical literature.
- Do not understand the scientific process.
- Their opinions are influenced by conspiracy theories, anecdotes, “influencers,” or irrelevant information.
- Some likely have financial interests that may impact their decision making process.
Information obtained from federally employed healthcare providers could also be tainted and should be verified using reliable resources.
Below is a list of honorable health organizations who are committed to peer-reviewed science and publish medical information for the public. Prior to Trump 2.o, these organizations assisted our federal public health agencies in creating federal health policies but they are now locked out of that process.
Important Caution on Artificial Intelligence: I recommend you avoid using general-purpose AI programs (ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude, Copilot) for medical information. Published data show they are less reliable than the entities included in the chart below. OpenEvidence, which has been trained exclusively on peer-reviewed literature, will not guess (“hallucinate”) when it encounters a situation in which there is a lack of evidence.
Hayward Zwerling, M.D. (Retired)
Reliable Medical Organizations Click here to download PDF
| Expertise | Organization | URL | |
| Oncology (Cancer) | American Society of Clinical Oncology | https://www.cancer.net | |
| Cardiology (Heart) | American Heart Association | https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics | |
| Diabetes | American Diabetes Association | https://diabetes.org/about-diabetes | |
| Infectious Disease / Vaccinations | National Foundation for Infectious Diseases | https://www.nfid.org/immunization/ | |
| Internal Medicine (Adults) | American College of Physicians | https://www.acpjournals.org/journal/aim/patient-information | |
| African Americans Health | BDO | https://blackdoctor.org/ | |
| OB/GYN | American College of OB/GYN | https://www.acog.org/womens-health | |
| Pediatrics (Children and Parenting) | American Academy of Pediatrics | https://www.healthychildren.org | |
| Public Health | American Public Health Association | https://www.apha.org/publications/fact-sheets | |
| Pulmonology (Lungs) | American Lung Association | https://www.lung.org/help-support | |
| Child Psychiatry | Am. Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych. | https://www.aacap.org/aacap/Families_and_Youth/Facts_for_Families/FFF_Guide-01.aspx | |
| Mental Illness Conditions | National Alliance on Mental Illness | https://www.nami.org/resource-center/ | |
| Mental Illness Support Groups | National Alliance on Mental Illness | https://www.nami.org/support-groups/ | |
| Psychiatry | American Psychiatric Association | https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families | |
| Psychology | American Psychological Association | https://www.apa.org/topics | |
| International information | World Health Organization | https://www.who.int | |
| Cochrane Library | A “gold standard” of medical information that is not influenced by government or industry. | https://www.cochranelibrary.com/evidence | |
| OpenEvidence (AI) | The “gold standard” for medical AI, it is trained exclusively on peer-reviewed literature. It does not guess (hallucinate) like most AI programs, it will inform you when it cannot answer your query. Non-physiicans can do a limited number of free “Guest” searches. | https://www.openevidence.com | |
| UpToDate | A “gold standard” for medical information. It provides a free “Beyond the Basics” patient articles and is sometimes fully accessible via your hospital’s patient portals. | https://www.uptodate.com/home/patient-education |
Choosing Wisely is a reliable resource that helps guide physicians and the public about what tests, treatments, and procedures are needed – and which ones are not. https://www.choosingwisely.org/